• Two critical determinants of receptor trafficking are found

  2024-11-13

  

  Two critical determinants of receptor trafficking are found within the GABAB1 cytoplasmic tail: the di-leucine internalization signal (EKSRLL) (Margeta-Mitrovic et al., 2000, Restituito et al., 2005) and the ER retention signal (RSRR) (Calver et al., 2001, Margeta-Mitrovic et al., 2000, Pagano et al

• Irinotecan HCl Trihydrate This study evaluated the anti tumo

  2024-11-12

  

  This study evaluated the anti-tumor influences of LA against HepG2 Irinotecan HCl Trihydrate in vivro, and investigated the molecular mechanisms of inducing apoptosis. Overall, our studies suggested that LA is a promising anti-cancer drug and a possible novel therapeutic agent directed toward the m

• Testosterone can be converted into estrogens by aromatase

  2024-11-12

  

  Testosterone can be converted into estrogens by aromatase action. Aromatase is encoded by CYP19, belongs to cytochrome P450 superfamily, and synthesizes estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) from testosterone and androstenedione respectively (Fig. 1). Aromatase is expressed in the ORS of anagen hair folli

• The first and the best

  2024-11-12

  

  The first and the best-characterized mechanism of receptor-dependent internalization of Aβ is mediated via the α7-nicotinic wnt signaling pathway receptor [82]. Lipoprotein receptor protein represents the second best-studied route that facilitates the uptake of Aβ by neurons, involving additional m

• We found that decreased Ng levels lead to a lower

  2024-11-12

  

  We found that decreased Ng levels lead to a lower threshold for LTD induction at L4–L2/3 synapses. Previous studies in hippocampal slice culture have shown that LTD at individual synapses induces spine elimination at both the targeted synapse and selective neighboring synapses when spines are monito

• Sorafenib The application of diuretics induce an

  2024-11-12

  

  The application of diuretics induce an increased rate of water exiting brain cells encouraging the formation of increased intracellular polyphosphoric acid. In the absence of the diuretic water is retained in cells converting polyphosphoric Sorafenib to monophosphoric acid. The latter change decrea

• Heart failure is a chronic syndrome in which the

  2024-11-12

  

  Heart failure is a chronic syndrome in which the heart is unable of pumping an adequate supply of blood to meet the metabolic requirements of the body or generating the required elevated ventricular filling pressures to maintain output [34]. Despite considerable advances in the treatment of heart fa

• While HTPCs are not immune cells they

  2024-11-12

  

  While HTPCs are not immune cells, they produce IL-6, MCP-1 and other immunologically relevant factors (Mayer et al., 2016). Our results demonstrated that epinephrine and phenylephrine increased the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, IL-6 and MCP-1 in HTPCs without affecting the mRNA expression level o

• Osteoblasts have been thought to be the major

  2024-11-12

  

  Osteoblasts have been thought to be the major cell type that expresses RANKL (Suda et al., 1999) which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin (OPG) and which functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. Recently, Nakashima and his colleagues (Nakashima et al., 2011) demonstrated

• The relatively high concentration of HT

  2024-11-11

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Hypospadias

  2024-11-11

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in males, in which the urethral orifice is found on the ventral side of the penis as a result of incomplete fusion of urethral folds. The mean prevalence in per 10,000 live births from 1910 to 2013 were: Europe 19.9,

• Cancer cells manifest characteristic abnormal

  2024-11-11

  

  Cancer dmag manifest characteristic abnormal growth properties accompanying clonal evolution of cells displaying progressively increasing genomic instability capable of invasion and metastasis to distant organ sites. With the emerging knowledge about the role of known oncogene and tumor suppressor

• Lower LDL C mediated by variants in

  2024-11-11

  

  Lower LDL-C mediated by variants in the ACL gene is causally associated with the risk of cardiovascular events. Because, genetic variants that mimic the effect of an ACL inhibitor have the same effect on the risk of cardiovascular events per unit change in LDL-C as variants that mimic the effect of

• To elucidate whether membrane fluidity changes

  2024-11-11

  

  To elucidate whether membrane fluidity changes could impact on signaling pathways, we examined the effects of Rh2 on the activation of Akt, a lipid raft-associated protein kinase, which promotes cell survival and blocks the apoptotic pathways. Upon pretreatment with 5 mM MβCD and in the absence of R

• It is reported that calpain plays a critical

  2024-11-11

  

  It is reported that calpain-2 plays a critical role in BDNF-induced signaling and memory formation, and knockdown of calpain-2, but not calpain-1, completely suppresses BDNF-induced pathway activation and protein translation (Briz et al., 2013). BDNF prevents neuronal apoptosis or death (Ferrer et a

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